Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck - 640 Words

Grapes of wrath United States in the 30s. In full economic Depression, many families of farmers, who have lost their homes and land, must go to the West to find in the grape harvesting a livelihood. On the way, misunderstanding and violence will hover over every family, especially on the Joad family, which serves as an archetype. Tom Joad just go out of prison, on parole, for killing a man. And upon returning home, found that the lands have been expropriated by a strong company. It is tells for the only survivor, who stubbornly stay gone crazy. The Joad family begins the exodus from Oklahoma to California. Thus, Tom found his own and march together in an old van, packed with people and objects. It is an odyssey into â€Å"the promised land†, in which on the way, the grandparents die while the family is staying in miserable homes and migratory labor camps. Casey, a former cleric, who was traveling with them, is killed while trying to call a strike demanding better wages. Anger seizes Tom taking vengeance in killing a policeman. And to reach a state farm, will have to flee for one murder. The family, without him, again they take the endless road, under the full direction of hope of Ma Joad, who said aloud to her husband: But we are alive, and we kept walking. They can not kill us and crush us; we will be always forward, because we are the people. The movie reflects the climate of desolation, despair and poverty lived by most of theShow MoreRelatedThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck Essay1622 Words   |  7 Pages The Grapes of Wrath John Steinbeck, widely viewed as one of the most finest and powerful American writer, born to a middle-class family in 1902 in the Salinas Valley of California. Steinbeck is a writer who often spoke for the people. The Grapes of Wrath is a great movie, published in 1939, filled with many universal truths and views on human nature and society, especially where class is concerned. In the article, John Steinbeck The Grapes a wrath: A Call to Action says, â€Å"Steinbeck’s novel showcasedRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck1075 Words   |  5 PagesKirsten Lloyd Mr. Eldridge AP Junior English 21 August 2014 Grapes of Wrath â€Å"Sometimes even to live is an act of courage.† (Seneca), In the 1939 novel, The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck, the reader accompanies the Joad family as they struggle to escape the crippling Dust Bowl of the mid- 1930’s. In hopes of establishing a new life for themselves after being forced off their land the family embark on a journey from Oklahoma to California in search of fruitful crops and steady work alongRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck1563 Words   |  7 Pages John Steinbeck’s novel, The Grapes of Wrath, depicts a migrant farming family in the 1930s. During this time, life revolved around the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl, making circumstances difficult for almost everyone involved, especially those who had little. This time of drought and despair caused people to lose hope in everything they’ve ever known, even themselves, but those who did not, put their hope in the â€Å"promised land† of California. Here, the grass was thought to be truly greenerRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck1189 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Grapes of Wrath† Shortly after being released John Steinbeck’s book â€Å"The Grapes of Wrath† was banned because many critics viewed the novel as promoting communist propaganda, or socialist ideas. The ideas that many of these critics point to is Steinbeck’s depiction of the Big Banks/ Businesses as monsters, the comparison of Government camps to a utopia in contrast of the makeshift â€Å"Hoovervilles,† and the theme of the community before the individual, In his novel â€Å"The Grapes of Wrath† John SteinbeckRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck1093 Words   |  5 Pages In John Steinbeck s The Grapes of Wrath, Tom Joad and his family are forced from their home during the 1930’s Oklahoma Dust Bowl and set out for California along with thousands of others in search of jobs, land, and hope for a brighter future. The Grapes of Wrath is Steinbeck’s way to expound about the injustice and hardship of real migrants during the Depression-era. H e utilizes accurate factual information, somber imagery, and creates pathos, allowing readers connections to the Joad’s plightRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck1190 Words   |  5 PagesThe Grapes of Wrath April 14th, 1939, John Steinbeck published the novel, The Grapes of Wrath. The novel became an immediate best seller, with selling over 428,900 copies. Steinbeck, who lived through both the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl, sought to bring attention to how families of Oklahoma outdid these disasters. Steinbeck focuses on families of Oklahoma, including the Joads family, who reside on a farm. The Joad family is tested with hardship when life for them on their farm takesRead MoreThe Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck702 Words   |  3 PagesJohn Steinbeck’s use of the intercalary chapters in The Grapes of Wrath helps weave the reader’s sympathy of the Joad family into a more broad sympathy for the migrant farmers as a whole, in the hopes that the readers would then be compelled to act upon what they have read. During the Great Depression, people had a big disconnect about what was happening in various parts of the country. People often struggle to find sympathy for events when they can’t even visualize a person who is suffering throughRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck2144 Words   |  9 PagesThe Grapes of Wrath is a well-known beloved novel of American Literature, written by John Steinbeck and published in 1939. Whoever said a road is just a road has not read The Grapes of Wrath. From the time we read when Tom Joad, novel’s protagonist, returns home after four years in prison; the meaning of roads changed. Route 66, also known as the mother road the road of flight, was a lifeline road, which allowed thousands of families to pursue their hopes and dreams. This road is also the road thatRead MoreThe Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck1014 Words   |  5 PagesJohn Steinbeck’s novel, The Grapes of Wrath, was first written and later published in the 1939. Fr om the time of its publication to date, the exemplary yet a simple book has seen Steinbeck win a number of highly coveted awards including Pulitzer Prize in 1940 and later on Nobel Prize for Literature in 1962. Set at the time of the Great Depression, the book most remarkably gives a descriptive account of the Oklahoma based sharecropper Joad’ poor family in the light of economic hardship, homelessnessRead MoreThe Grapes Of Wrath By John Steinbeck1064 Words   |  5 PagesThe Grapes of Wrath, originated from a John Steinbeck’s book, a legendary film that focus on a major point of American history. The story follows the Joad family on their journey to California trying to survive the hardships. This film, focus on the social problems of America like the Dust bowl, The Great Depression, and industrialism. The Grapes of Wrath was filmed in a journalistic-documentary style, which displayed the realism of the epidemic in the thirties. The thirties the period The Grapes

Heart Is a Lonely Hunter Free Essays

â€Å"We can’t solve problems by using the same kind of thinking we used when we created them. † * Albert Einstein The Heart is a Lonely Hunter is a book describing and reflecting upon the problems in the southern United States in the 1930’s. The problems that the author, Carson McCullers, analyzes include alcoholism, labor unions, racial bias, as well as the many problems that economic instability can create. We will write a custom essay sample on Heart Is a Lonely Hunter or any similar topic only for you Order Now McCullers depicts each problem in a very realistic manner connecting one character with one specific issue. The reader identifies with each character because the social problems the characters face have not gone away. Americans still fight for economic justice and racial equality. Labor unions are still demonized by big corporations. These issues have not gone away. The most overbearing problem- in the 1930’s and currently- is the economy. Poverty prevents a main character in this novel, Mick Kelly, from being able to follow her dream. Mick loves music more than anything in the world: â€Å"The whole world was this symphony, and there was not enough of her to listen†¦ Now that it was over there was only her heart beating like a rabbit and this terrible hurt. (145) Micks feels so passionately about music that she wants to absorb as much as possible. She wants to pursue her dream of music, however, her father does not have a stable income and her mother works very hard for very little. This situation restrains Mick from being able to pursue her dreams by not allowing her to get the adequate instructions and opportunities she needs. The fact the Mick grows up working instead of in an env ironment where she cannot take music lessons or have the opportunity to follow her dreams, holds her from achieving greatness. The working class not only had to deal with the poverty but also labor unions. Jake Blount is a confused and mentally unstable man who spends his first few weeks in town drunk. Blount has many ideas that he is constantly speaking about: â€Å"words came out of his throat like a cataract† (13). Blount is upset with company’s treatment of the middle class and finds it necessary to tell most everyone in his presence. He believes that America should enact socialist reforms. He is constantly encouraging the revolts of middle class workers to revolt as a reaction to the treatment in the workplace. Another prominent problem that McCullers identifies is institutionalized racism. Dr. Copeland’s solution is education and fighting against the inequity: â€Å"In the face of brutality I was prudent. Before injustice I held my peace. I sacrificed the things in hand for the good of the hypothetical whole. I believed in the tongue instead of the fist. As armor against oppression I taught patience and faith in the human soul. I know now how wrong I was. I have been a traitor to myself and my people. All that is rot. Now is the time to act and to act quickly. Fight cunning with cunning and might with might. † (301-302) Dr. Copeland when first dealing with racism would attempt to find peace and submit to the criticism. As time went on in his life he realizes the best option is to fight the injustice. Not only has the problem held true to today’s society, but his solution to the problem has become a reality. The problems the characters experienced then are still prevalent today. Poverty is an issue that is one of the focus of society. According to San Jose University the unemployment rate in the Great Depression peaked at 23%. The current unemployment rate, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, is at 9. 2%. While these numbers are different, they are still both very high. McCullers approaches this subject in very realistic and connecting method. The perspective in the 1930’s, Mick Kelly is one that many kids are facing today. Kids today and 1930’s face the problem of wanting to pursue their dreams but instead must work to support their family. This leads to unequal social statuses of children from varying backgrounds. Not only has the poverty remained present, labor unions have as well. Labor unions continue to be demonized by large companies. Since the 1930’s labor union membership had been steadily decreasing until the beginning of the current economic recession. The fact that McCullers took the time to analyze such a problem that still exists today show how perceptive she was socially of the world around her. Institutionalized racism is a subject that is no longer prevalent today. The reason that the issue has decreased is because solution of fighting the injustice has taken effect. The current American president, Barack Obama, has dealt with the problems that McCullers describes. He has also taken the solution that McCullers implements through Dr. Copeland and has become the American president. McCullers identifies the possibility of the success and offers the solution. The problems of society are not taken lightly by anyone. McCullers broaches the problems in a careful yet aggressive manner. She paints a powerful picture of each issue allowing the reader to connect with each problem even sixty years after writing the book. It does not take a genius to realize that the problems that McCullers examines and even offers solutions for come problems that are still prominent in today’s society. The specifics of the economy, labor unions, and racial bias have evolved with the rest of the country, but the fact that the problems are still here is a testament to the social awareness of McCullers while she was writing The Heart is a Lonely Hunter. While McCullers did not actually change these issues, she brought to light struggles that many Americans are facing today. How to cite Heart Is a Lonely Hunter, Essay examples

Workplace bullying in the big organization - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Workplace bullying in the big organization. Answer: Introduction In this report,workplacebullyingandotherharassmentcaseshas been discussed. With the ramified economic changes and complex business structure in multinational organizations, employees are facing workplace bullying and other harassment cases in their working. In this report, JB Hi-Fi Company has been taken into consideration which has operated its business in Australia and other countries as well. Present description of the organization JB Hi-Fi Company mainly operates its business in Australia and New Zealand and having more than 124 units around the globe. The main headquarter of company is in Australia. The JB Hi-Fi Company currently employees more than7.81K people in its business operation. In this organization, management has maintained strong employees policies and frameworks for operating effective organizational culture. Nonetheless, employees have faced workplace bullying and other harassment while working in this company. Workplace bullying policies is required to implement in JB Hi-Fi Company so that company could maintain effective business functioning for the betterment of the organization (JB HI-FI, 2017). Rational for implementing new workplace bullying policies Company should have effective workplace bullying policies which will apply to all employees including CEO, management and other staff members of company. This policy contains statement about the consequence of violating and reporting, investigating and standards rules and regulations for employees. This new workplace bullying policies also contains rules and regulations of anti-discrimination and anti-harassment policies. Nonetheless, JB Hi-Fi Company has planned to include these workplace bullying policies in its HR policies to reduce the complexity and issues of business. The main rational behind formulating and implementing workplace bullying polices in JB Hi-Fi Company is related to its increasing business complexity and managing employees problems in efficient manner. If JB Hi-Fi Company could change its existing organization business policies as per the workmen compensation act, anti-discrimination and anti-harassment policies (Hutchinson and Eveline, 2010). Analyse, assess, and evaluate HR literature to support the Workplace bullying polices and rules With the ramified economic change and complex business structure, various employees have been facing issues of workplace bullying in organization. Workplace bullying and other harassment in the business functioning is the common issues which each and every organization has been facing. Workplace bullying and other harassment includes several acts such as verbal derogatory comments, negative physical contacts and humiliating other employees. However, in order to curb these kinds of acts in organization, company could implement proper workplace bullying policies and rules. These workplace bullying policies and rules should be the important part while formulating the HR policies and rules in an organization. JB Hi-Fi Company has used these workplace bullying policies and rules to reduce the conflicts and issues between employees. It is observed that in JB Hi-Fi Company, employees have faced issues, mostly related to offensive derogatory comments from each other. If newly framed Workplac e bullying polices is implemented in business then it could help management to curb these kinds of activities and cases in effective manner. The human resources policies and organizational culture is the key pillar for curbing this kind of workplace bullying cases in an organization. It is found that in organization employees facing these issues may find difficult to complain against it to HR department due to less effective workplace bullying policies. Therefore, HR policies of particular company should include these work place bullying policies in determined approach (Hershcovis et al., 2015). In Workplace bullying, human resource management department in organization plays an important role. If all the employees indulged in human resource department, makes efforts to implement proper workplace bullying polices in organizations then it will reduce the workplace bullying cases and negative impact of workplace environment on employees. It is considered that if management department wants to manage people in the organization then company should focus on giving training so that the person can get knowledge about the work. In addition to this, proper motivation to employees towards the better outcomes of the organization will also reduce the cases of workplace bullying polices. If they have the knowledge then they can work in an effective manner and give their best (Etienne, 2014). It is observed that implementation of workplace bullying policies in an organization could be more strengthen after installing new advanced cyber computing enterprises resources planning. This advanced cyber computing enterprises resources planning helps in developing new grievances portal in the business. This grievances portal is the strongest pillar in implementing workplace bullying polices in JB Hi-Fi Company. It is considered that if company could use proper level of grievances portal accompanied by the online cyber computing system then it will make easy for the employees to resolve their queries and problems in effective manner. This grievances portal would be great help in implementing Workplace bullying polices in organization. It is observed that in JB Hi-Fi Company, employees have faced issues related to derogatory comments from the management department and other employees (Farr-Wharton, et al., 2017). In most of the cases, tough organizational policies and setting high targets also comes under the workplace bullying cases. Therefore, this grievances portal establish will increase the overall effectiveness of the resolving queries and issues of employees. The human resources management department focuses on establishment of nexus between employees growth with the organizational development. This could only be done after implementing proper human resources policies and Workplace bullying polices in determined approach. This grievances portal and setting new department for employees queries established under the Workplace bullying polices may be good help for the betterment of the organization. Nonetheless, management department with the assistances of human resources management department could conduct meetings and seminars to identify the issues and cases related to workplace bullying cases in company. This will help in implementing employees oriented organizational policies and increasing the working effectiveness of the employees (Etienne, 2014). These workplace bullying policies focuses on reducing the negative behaviour of employee and create healthy organizational culture. If these policies are implemented then it will not only increase the overall productivity of the organization but also increase the overall outcome of the business. JB Hi-Fi Company through its proper motivation program has motivated its employees towards the better outcomes of the organization which will eventually reduce the cases of Workplace bullying polices in the working business process. However, setting standards and positive organizational culture where employees are kept free to put their points before management department. Issues in implementation of workplace bullying policies After evaluating the annual report and organizational culture of the JB Hi-Fi Company, it is considered that employees of JB Hi-fi Company are more rigid and may find difficult while following these new rules and regulations. It is observed that this workplace bullying policies could be implemented in JB Hi-Fi Company only after installing new advanced cyber computing enterprises resources planning. It is observed that if employees in company are dominated or humiliated by others in organization then they could use only dashboard mechanism to raise their queries and issues. Another issue in implementation of workplace bullying policies is cumbersome process of human resources management to adopt these policies and frameworks for the betterment of organization. It is observed that workplace bullying policies must contain all the details and consequences of not complying with the framed rules and regulation. In the starting, employees may face several difficulties while implementation of workplace bullying policies. However, proper surveillance and internal control program of human resources management department will increase the effectiveness of the implementation of workplace bullying policies. Nonetheless, these newly implementation of workplace bullying policies may also change the existing business functioning and decrease the overall outcomes of the business. It is observed that employees may find difficult to adapt with the changes in organization (Campbell, 2015). Apart from that, newly advanced workplace bullying policies will require company to install cyber computing enterprises resources planning in its value chain activities. This cyber computing enterprises resources planning will establish automation in filling complains and assessing the organizational environment in effective manner (Lewis, Megicks and Jones, 2017). This will reduce the negativity in business and promote employees to follow corporate policies in effective manner. The main issue which company could face is related to rigid behaviour of employees towards accepting the new workplace bullying policies in organization. In addition to this, JB Hi-Fi Company is having corporate governance policies and followed all the corporate social responsibilities policies in determined approach (ORourke Antioch, 2016). These policies have allowed company to create employees oriented organizational culture. Nonetheless, many people have faced issues such as derogatory behaviour of management department, setting high targets for employees and working beyond the working hours. However, asking employees to work beyond the working hours are relevant only when they are paid for their overtime. Therefore, implementation of these newly workplace bullying policies in JB Hi-Fi will also impact the management department and their strategic planning in organization (Gattis, 2017). These workplace bullying policies will focus on establishment grievances portal for employees so that they could easily raise their queries and issues in front of management department through this portal. In addition to this, it will also reduce the employees turnover and increase the overall efficiency of JB Hi-Fi Company. Now, after evaluating all the internal and external factors of company, it is considered that, management department needs to arrange another assessment department before implementing new workplace bullying policies in organization (Budden, et al. 2017).This workplace bullying policies of JB Hi-Fi Company is covered and rolled around the workmen compensation act, Fair Work Act, 2009 and world health organization which forces company to implement proper workplace environment for the benefits of employees. As per the new changes in workmen compensation act, employees are not allowed to work more than 8 hours in a day or they will be paid overtime for their work (French, Boyle, Muurlink, 2014). Conclusion In this essay, various information related workmen compensation act, Fair Work Act, 2009 and world health organization and policies formulated for the workplace bulling have been taken into consideration. Nonetheless, many organizations have failed to implement these policies and rules and faced workplace bulling cases in their value chain activities. JB Hi-Fi Company has faced these workplace bulling issues due to its non-effective employees oriented policies. However, newly formulated workplace bulling policies of company will cover provisions and rules of workmen compensation act, Fair Work Act, 2009 and world health organization which will bind management department and employees to work accordingly. References Budden, L.M., Birks, M., Cant, R., Bagley, T. and Park, T., 2017. Australian nursing students experience of bullying and/or harassment during clinical placement.Collegian,24(2), pp.125-133. Campbell, M. A. (2015). Policies and procedures to address bullying at Australian universities. InBullying Among University Students: Cross-National Perspectives(pp. 157-171). Routledge (Taylor Francis Group). Etienne, E., 2014. Exploring workplace bullying in nursing.Workplace health safety,62(1), pp.6-11. Farr-Wharton, B., Shacklock, K., Brunetto, Y., Teo, S.T. and Farr-Wharton, R., 2017. Workplace bullying, workplace relationships and job outcomes for police officers in Australia.Public Money Management,37(5), pp.325-332. French, B., Boyle, M. V., Muurlink, O. (2014). Workplace Bullying in Australia: The Fair Work Act and its impact.New Zealand Journal of Human Resource Management,14(2), 69-81. Gattis, V.M., 2017.A Case Study of Workplace Bullying, Resilience, and Professional Women(Doctoral dissertation, Grand Canyon University). Hershcovis, M.S., Reich, T.C. and Niven, K., 2015. Workplace bullying: causes, consequences, and intervention strategies. Hutchinson, J. and Eveline, J., 2010. Workplace bullying policy in the Australian public sector: why has gender been ignored?.Australian Journal of Public Administration,69(1), pp.47-60. JB HI-FI, 2017, annual report, Retrieved on 29th November, 2017 from https://www.annualreports.com/HostedData/AnnualReports/PDF/ASX_JBH_2016.pdf Lewis, D., Megicks, P. and Jones, P., 2017. Bullying and harassment and work-related stressors: Evidence from British small and medium enterprises.International small business journal,35(1), pp.116-137. ORourke, A., Antioch, S. K. (2016). Workplace bullying laws in Australia: Placebo or panacea?.Common Law World Review,45(1), 3-26.

Who Is More Tragic, Creon or Antigone Research Paper Example

Who Is More Tragic, Creon or Antigone? Paper The Imperfect Hero For many people who knew Pat Tillman, he was an American Hero, who forestalled his professional football career and joined the army after seeing his country attacked on 911. He valiantly fought for his country and for his beliefs, and even when Pat died in Afghanistan in 2004, his memory lives on in the minds of many people. According to Aristotle, the hero is not a true hero like Pat Tillman, but rather a person who has serious flaws that lead to the downfall of the character. In Antigone, both Creon and Antigone share some tragic elements: tragic hero, hamartia, hubris, and nemesis. However, Creon is a more tragic hero than Antigone because his character has tragic elements that are absent from the character of Antigone: anagnorisis, peripeteia, and catharsis. There are many tragic elements that both Creon and Antigone share. According to Aristotle, the hero must be a character of high birth or national prominence. Since Antigone is royalty and Creon is the present king, both characters qualify for this requirement. Both characters also commit hubris and the hamartia of stubbornness. And because of their stubbornness, both Creon and Antigone could not escape their nemesis – fate (Sophocles 59). Despite sharing some of the tragic elements with Creon, Antigone does not have the tragic element of anagnorisis. Antigone consistently believes that she has made the right choice. In the beginning she believes that burying Polynices is the right decision and in the end she still says what she has done is â€Å"all for reverence, my reverence for the gods! (Sophocles 107). In contrast, Creon’s character clearly has anagnorisis. From the start, Creon believes forbidding Polynices’ burial is a correct decision even though it goes against the tradition of burial of the dead and goes against the laws of the gods; however, he later realizes that he is wrong and says â€Å"†¦ it’s best to keep the established laws to the very day we die. † (Sophocles 117). He tries to bu ry Polynices and set Antigone free, but his recognition is too late, and Creon has to suffer the next tragic element. We will write a custom essay sample on Who Is More Tragic, Creon or Antigone? specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Who Is More Tragic, Creon or Antigone? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Who Is More Tragic, Creon or Antigone? specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Unlike Antigone, Creon has to suffer the reversal of his fortune: both his son and wife commit suicide. His reversal of fortune is caused unwittingly by the error of judgment of going against the rules of the gods. In contrast, Antigone does not seem to have the tragic element of peripeteia. As soon as Antigone is caught by the guard, her fate is sealed for the rest of the play. It could be argued that her peripeteia is the moment she gets caught. However, it seems that her fate has already been determined long before that, when she decides to bury Polynices saying, â€Å"I will bury him myself. (Sophocles 63). The last and most important criterion that makes Creon a more tragic hero than Antigone is that Creon’s actions arouse pity and fear from the audience while Antigone’s actions do not. From the beginning the audience recognizes that Creon has committed the most egregious mistake possible by forbidding the citizens of Thebes from burying the dead body of Polynices , an act that defies the laws of the gods and of humanity (Sophocles 60). However, because of his hubris Creon could not see his error. For this reason, the audience has pity for Creon, for no one can defy the gods and be able to avoid the consequence. The audience also has a fear for Creon because of his unpredictability. If he is not afraid of the gods, then what else he is capable of or willing to do to â€Å"protect his royal rights. † (Sophocles 98). So when Creon finally realizes his error and accepts his fate, the audience gets relieved and elated. In contrast, Antigone’s actions do not arouse pity and fear from the audience. Because the purpose of her actions is to obey the gods, she acts like a saint. For this reason, the audience has sympathy for her suffering and not pity. And there is no reason to have fear for a saintly person. Despite the play being named after Antigone, Creon is the tragic hero of the story because he has a more complete set of tragic elements in his character. Generally, it is more tempting for reader to choose Antigone as the tragic hero because she is the protagonist and a good person who is obedient to the gods, unlike Creon who is defiant to the laws of the gods making him a bad person in the story. However, an antagonist can be the tragic hero just as a bad person can be the main character in a movie, so as long as the bad person has the main role and is involved in more parts of the story. In this context, Creon does fit the role of a tragic hero, since he seems to be at the center of all conflicts: Creon vs. the gods, Creon vs. Antigone, Creon vs. Haemon, Creon vs. Tiresias, Creon vs. Eurydice, and Creon vs. the sentry. Finally, with many readers repudiating his actions, Creon seems to have a conflict with the audience as well.

Gun Control and the Brady Law essays

Gun Control and the Brady Law essays Have you ever wondered what effect the United State's laws, written many years ago, have on its citizens today? Television, magazines, Internet sites and articles all tamper with opinions concerning these debatable laws. When addressing the controversial issue of gun control and whether stronger gun control laws would in actuality reduce the likelihood of violent crimes, you will come across numerous variant views. The Constitution states, in the Second Amendment, that people have the "right to bear arms," but does it likewise give people the right to misuse these "arms"? Should the pros outweigh the cons or the cons outweigh the pros of new or stricter gun control laws? With the United States being the "land of the free," why is it that we as United States citizens have to live in fear of gun violence? According to the article "Would New Laws Reduce Gun Violence And Crime?" written by Sean McCollum, "You need only to compare the U.S. with developed countries that have strong gun control laws to see the difference. Their murder rates are only a tiny fraction of ours. As Jeff Muchnick of the Coalition to Stop Gun Violence says, "If handguns made people safe, we'd be the safest country in the world." But we are not." Pro-gun control activists believe that handguns are extremely too accessible to the public. They can too easily be placed in a shopping bag held by the hands of the wrong people. "A loophole in current gun control laws allows purchases at gun shows" to occur without the proper background checks of the purchasers, without keeping records or without "finding out if the buyer is qualified or knowledgeable about firearms in any way". A ll you sometimes need is a simple drivers license showing proof that you are 18 years of age, and most of the time you don't even need that! These simple tasks, no more complicated than getting a drivers license could have already saved 26 students at Columbine from being shot, and 15...

A Study Of Shaka Zulu And His Influence On Modern Zimbabwe

A Study Of Shaka Zulu And His Influence On Modern Zimbabwe SHAKA ZULU AND ZIMBABWE TODAY I am just back from a trip of about 1 200 kilometres around Zimbabwe. Everywhere I went I saw the empty skulls of a people driven off their land. Farm homes without windows, windows without curtains, gardens overgrown and dying, staff quarters empty and lifeless. Croplands idle and overgrown with weeds. Farm equipment rusting in the broken down sheds, hungry cattle without water, vultures having a feast day. It reminded me of the mfecane of the Transvaal Highveld in the early part of the 19th century in South Africa. The greatest Zulu leader in history, Shaka, often termed the Napoleon of African history, was responsible. Out of a tiny minority of only 2 000 people, he crafted the Zulu nation crushing and absorbing into the ranks of his impis the youth of the tribes to the north and south of his home and completely destroying the tribal peoples of the interior. Only three groups the Tswana of what is now Botswana, the Sotho of what is now Lesotho and the Dhlamini clan in what is now known as Swaziland, halted him in his ambitions. His genius lay in a few simple military rules when a boy reached the age of 15 he joined a regiment or impi. Experienced and successful warriors, who passed on to their young wards the knowledge they had accumulated in numerous raids on other tribes, led the impi. Their reward was that they kept most of what they took by force, and although all cattle belonged to Shaka, they were allowed to use the cattle for their own ends. When Shaka felt they had proved their manhood, they were given the right to choose girls, to marry and establish their own homes. They were given land and the use of cattle to enable them to become established. Their bondage to Shaka was life long. They were utterly ruthless and it must have been quite a sight to see an impi on a mission running in unison, their feet thundering out in rhythm on the dry African veld. When I was a boy growing up in the eastern parts of the Matopo Hills, some of the older men in the villages still wore the ring in their hair to signify their status as ndunas or officers in the Zulu war machine. In the case of the people I lived amongst it was an offshoot of the Zulu empire the Ndebele of southern Zimbabwe who had come to Zimbabwe in about 1820 after completing the mfecane on the highveld of South Africa. What Shaka had ordered was that the people of the highveld be destroyed so that they could never again threaten the hegemony of the Zulu nation in the Natal coastlands. At his order, the impis of the Zulu clans moved up into what are today the Transvaal and the Free State and they murdered every man, woman and child they could find. Driving their cattle and other assets back to the Zulu heartland as gifts for Shaka and his senior chiefs. Only selected women were kept alive to be taken as wives on return at the pleasure of Shaka. It was ruthless and self-perpetuating so long as the Zulus could hold together and enforce discipline. Its success made the Zulus the dominant social, economic and political force in southern Africa. Its tentacles spread as far north as Tanzania and Malawi, as far south as the growing influence of the white man would permit. At the start of the 19th century, the Afrikaner Boers started the Great Trek northwards eventually stopping in Chimanimani in eastern Zimbabwe. When their wagons crested the escarpments that sheltered the hinterland across the Vaal and Orange rivers, they found nothing but empty kraals and dry skulls. At a recent meeting in Pretoria with their South African counterparts, the Zimbabwe Minister of Foreign Affairs told his South African hosts that the land reform process is over in Zimbabwe and they would not be taking any more land from white farmers. He then appealed to the South Africans to help them get compensation for the displaced farmers. In fact there is little left now on the highveld of Zimbabwe where the bulk of the countries 4 000 commercial farmers had once been. Perhaps some 15 per cent remain shell shocked and cowed, ready to run at the slightest hint that they are coming back. Like the tribes of the hinterland in South Africa there was no help in the face of overwhelming force, no rule of law to shield them from the loss of everything they owned and held dear. One interpretation of the word mfecane is forced migration or a pogrom. Can anyone deny that Mugabe has done to the white farmers and the people who worked for them, just what Shaka did to the tribal peoples of the South African highveld? The fact that he has done this at the start of the 21st century, 200 years after Shaka, 50 years after the formation of the UN and the Declaration of Human Rights. 22 years after the signing of an agreement and the introduction of a negotiated constitution designed to prevent these sorts of excesses. Now just to round off the exercise we hear the government is uplifting thousands of farm workers and their families and dumping them without food or shelter near the Mozambique border in the north and east. Its forced migration or another mfecane. What Shaka did not know at the time was that he was opening up the way for a new empire to become established on the highveld. An Afrikaner empire with superior weapons and great personal courage and determination. What he also did not know was that under the feet of his impis lay the richest mineral beds in the world and that one-day in the paths cleared by the Zulu warriors, new warriors would ride. Just as ruthless and cunning, using money as their weapon and trading their rights for privilege across the globe. Smuts, Rhodes, Beit, Oppenheimer, men who would influence world affairs for another 150 years. Perhaps in the same way, a new nation is growing up in Zimbabwe. Its path cleared by the ruthless and cruel actions of another African tyrant, Mugabe. The principles he is using are the same, the effects similar, the object identical. Perhaps the outcome too, will be similar, a new nation will rise up in place of that being destroyed and it will be better, richer and more permanent than the fragile hegemony that Shaka thought would last forever. Tyranny never survives its perpetrators one day, one day soon, Mugabe will be swept aside by the very forces that he seeks to control. Then we will get the chance to build a better life for everyone that remains on the highveld in Zimbabwe. The highveld in our case is not geographical its based on principle. The principle of a nation foundered on the rule of law, of a constitution to which our people hold universal allegiance as the highest law in the land. The basic right of every man, women and child to life, liberty and respect, a deep commitment to democratic principles and to the creation of an open and transparent society. A pipe dream? No it need not be would the people of the South African highveld ever dreamed that one day a third of the economic power of Africa would come out of the area known as the whitewater ridge in the Transvaal? No of course not, but within 100 years of the terrifying nights of the mfecane, this was already a reality and Shaka only a memory.

Conflict Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Conflict Management - Essay Example First, explain the problem to the other party, however the language and mode of communication need to be convincing. The second step involves application of social skills to calm down the situation. This requires creativity in attracting the audience of the other partner. In such situation, if a sad mood exists, then allow time for calmness before proceeding (Konijn, 2008). The final step involves building a positive relationship. After explaining the challenge at hand, one needs to create a cordial and joyous relationship. This step is a bit difficult; however, creative skills in problem solving and conflict management need to apply to maximum to ensure that, the meeting ends in fine moods. In conclusion, the plan for interpersonal challenge management involves diverse skills of problem solving and apt communications skills. In addition, the fundamental aspect in this situation is the creation of a fine

Should democracies be forbidden to possess chemical weapons Essay

Should democracies be forbidden to possess chemical weapons - Essay Example This paper tends to assert that democracies should be forbidden to possess chemical weapons. Possessing chemical weapons threatens the integrity of a country. Let’s take the example of Iran to figure out how much tension possessing chemical weapons can create for the country itself and for the rest of the world. Iran has already been seeing tense relationship with U.S. and its allies, since the Iranian Revolution that came about in the late 1970s. The threat to Iran’s solidarity increased when President Bush declared it as part of â€Å"Axis of Evil† (WBGH educational foundation 2013, par.2). This threat did not decrease with the election bringing Barrack Obama in presidency. The notion that has further triggered the decision of U.S. war with Iran is Iran’s quest in nuclear technology. Iran’s acquiring chemical weapons, according to U.S., will be a threat to world’s peace. Even the allies of U.S. - England, Germany, and France- are worried ab out this nuclear state of Iran. ... Iran is not becoming a nuclear power (Henderson 2013); and therefore, it will not bear any threats from the external world, still threats prevail because Iran has been making military purchases from Washington and Gulf Arab, and has been making military maneuvers. This shows how being involved in and possessing chemical weapons threatens the stability and integrity of a country. Moreover, possessing chemical weapons creates a sense of hostility among countries of the world. USA has already entered into wars with a number of countries due to this reason, and this has destabilized those countries and has also put damaging effects upon the American economy. Entering into conflict disrupts the peace, not only of Iran but also of U.S., who has already lost the lives of many of its soldiers in military actions against Iraq and Afghanistan. Americans will never tolerate if the correct number of casualties of American soldiers in the war on terror is revealed to them (Nouraee 2010). The envi ronment of hostility brought about by chemical weapons only increases hatred, and encourages the residents of the attacked country to develop rebellious feelings. This does not help decrease terrorism, but increases violence and radical hostility. It only turns into a global hate combat. Also, U.S. has already been suffering from financial burden because of heavy budgets being assigned to war on terror. The sense of confrontation has been prevailing throughout the world because of the possession of chemical weapons by some countries, and this unhealthy environment poses risk to economies and social statuses of countries. Possession of chemical weapons should also be forbidden because it increases the chances of warfare. Let’s understand what the ultimate objective behind the possession of

With the Stroke of a Pen Government Reaction Paper Essay Example for Free

With the Stroke of a Pen Government Reaction Paper Essay Kenneth Mayer took an upright approach investigating the president’s executive power they used to issue amounts of executive order. He calls it â€Å"presidential edicts† which are official orders that the presidents create to assist executive branch in managing operations within the federal government. Mayer believes that this use of executive order; creating laws and procedures, is turned into an arbitrary order. This legislative act of making laws is stated in the constitution, given to congress; and with â€Å"the stroke of a pen† the â€Å"Laws of the Land† were made with no regard or interaction with the legislative. And as we learn in â€Å"With the Stroke of a Pen†, executive order can be criticized with substantial argument and can have â€Å"great impact†. Mayer put together charts of 1,028 presidential orders into categories, between March 1936 and December 1999, constructing two tables. Mayer leaned to the more necessary side of executive power, realizing the â€Å"formal and informal† restraints put on the president within the â€Å"separated system† and the use of checks and balances that protects, and also the vast difference in ones party in the congress can take the executive powers implied in the 2nd Article of the constitution away (not literally speaking). Mayer explained an issue dealing with Democratic issue with Eisenhower’s apathetic look on discrimination in housing and federal employment; with Kennedy’s promise to the people and equality of opportunity (constitutional) with the stroke of a pen came the fair housing order. As so with Clinton’s scare of impeachment, his idea of executive orders and unilateral decisions (such as, prohibiting the use of genetic information if hiring) showed the capability of a president. These presidential legislations therefore make general policy and link to public law. The argument many make about the executive order is that it’s a way for the president to avoid public opinion and constitutional limits. Though it’s said that this is an example of secrecy and totalitarianism, Mayer actually feels as if the president is limited enough and with all this his orders are constantly judged through a system (checks and balances) in our government anyway and through political parties in the congress. The constitution he says specifies that, President â€Å"shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed† meaning, that if laws aren’t being broken or disregarded then we have no argument against the president’s order. Supreme Court ruled in the steel seizure case (Youngstown), such decisions that aren’t constitutional or statutory. In the cases Mayer mentions about which are Korematsu v. U.S (decision of freedom fro internment camps of Japanese Americans), Schechter Corp v. U.S (about unhealthy chicken being sold, exceeding commerce clause), and Cole v. Young; these are all decisions that derived from executive orders. In the random sample of 1,028 executive orders between March 1936 and December 1999, took a look at the subject of the orders. Civil service which involved retirement exemptions, salary, holiday, and personnel; Public lands deal with land for public use, revoking previous land orders; War and emergency powers deal with orders creating or abolishing wartime agencies, and emergency preparedness procedures; Foreign affairs are orders dealing with importation, trade, aid, and affairs with other territories particularly signed by treaties; Defense and military policy deal with military personnel, intelligence community, and military lands; Executive branch administration order are orders creating boards, councils, agency transferring powers, and tax policies; Labor policy focuses on emergency boards and inquiry, and managing federal government labor policy; Domestic policy orders include energy, environment, civil rights, economy, and education. More than 60% of orders dealing with Executive branch, Civil service, and Public lands; the rest were dealing with Foreign affairs and War powers, and domestic and labor policy were small percentages. Since presidents have been given so much responsibility, orders are then handed down to clerks and subordinates. Mayer noticed through the second table/chart that focused on which the orders were made each year, that War and emergency powers have dropped since 1940’s, which is the result of no more World wars and such; also Foreign affairs, Executive branch, and Domestic policy orders have grown since 1930’s supporting the fact that executive orders do matter. When can a president rely on executive order? Mayer asks. Well in my opinion whenever he is stuck with the task of trying to protect the good, order, and equality among our union. The president is elected for the people by the people and in order for policies that can’t get through the congress as simple, and then this â€Å"Necessary evil† people call giving the president too much power is good. It’s fair to say that some power can be misused but, if the government and congress are doing there job right then the protections we have against a treasonous president or unconstitutional laws being made, almost nothing can go horribly wrong. With the bills and laws being opposed just because of parties in congress then executive order can be made first if the reason and issue is great.

Rene Descartes & Faith and Reason Essay -- Essays Papers

Rene Descartes & Faith and Reason The sixteenth and seventeenth centuries witnessed a colossal transition in the scientific view of the universe. During this period a profound rethinking of scientific theory as well as moral and religious matters took place. Traditional ideas were reconsidered by religious thinkers. Philosophers began applying rational scientific thought to problems that they considered. The main concept of the Scientific Revolution was to "question everything". The Scientific Revolution was an elaborate movement. Many brilliant people with a wealth of new ideas contributed to this movement. The French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist Rene Descartes was one of these people. Rene Descartes was born March 31, 1596 in Touraine, France. He was born to a mother who, at the time, had tuberculosis and died of it a year later. As a result of his mother's condition, Rene was very frail and suffered from dry coughs all of his life. Rene’s father, Joachim Descartes, was an established lawyer as well as a councilor of the parliament in Rennes 1. Descartes was educated at the Jesuit school of La Flà ¨che in Anjou. He enrolled in the college at the tender age of eight years. During his eight years there, his passion for learning burned brightly. He over-achieved in all of his studies, especially in mathematics and physics. Descartes also received a proficient education in classical languages, literature, and traditional Aristotelian philosophy. Because of his fragile condition he was granted permission to remain in bed until 12 o'clock noon, rather than being awakened at dawn as the other students were. To be sure he didn't rouse too late, Descartes woke himself early and then spent the morning reading, taki... ...eived analytic geometry and established the Cartesian curves and Cartesian coordinates. To algebra he contributed the convention of exponent notation and the treatment of negative roots. Perhaps no other intellectual movement was more significant for the future of European and western civilization. Footnotes 1. Cottingham, John. Descartes. New York: Basil Blackwell, 1986. 2. Same as 1 3. Same as 1 4. Same as 1 5. Morgan, Vance G. Foundations of Cartesian Ethics. New Jersey: Humanities, 1994 6. Sorell, Tom. Descartes. Oxford: Oxford, 1987 7. Same as 6 Works Cited - Cottingham, John. Reason, Will, and Sensation: Studies in Descartes’s Metaphysics. Oxford: Clarendon, 1994. - Jolley, Nicholas. The Light of the Soul. Oxford: Clarndon, 1990 - Tierno, Joel Thomas. Descartes on God and Human Error. New Jersey: Humanities, 1997 Rene Descartes & Faith and Reason Essay -- Essays Papers Rene Descartes & Faith and Reason The sixteenth and seventeenth centuries witnessed a colossal transition in the scientific view of the universe. During this period a profound rethinking of scientific theory as well as moral and religious matters took place. Traditional ideas were reconsidered by religious thinkers. Philosophers began applying rational scientific thought to problems that they considered. The main concept of the Scientific Revolution was to "question everything". The Scientific Revolution was an elaborate movement. Many brilliant people with a wealth of new ideas contributed to this movement. The French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist Rene Descartes was one of these people. Rene Descartes was born March 31, 1596 in Touraine, France. He was born to a mother who, at the time, had tuberculosis and died of it a year later. As a result of his mother's condition, Rene was very frail and suffered from dry coughs all of his life. Rene’s father, Joachim Descartes, was an established lawyer as well as a councilor of the parliament in Rennes 1. Descartes was educated at the Jesuit school of La Flà ¨che in Anjou. He enrolled in the college at the tender age of eight years. During his eight years there, his passion for learning burned brightly. He over-achieved in all of his studies, especially in mathematics and physics. Descartes also received a proficient education in classical languages, literature, and traditional Aristotelian philosophy. Because of his fragile condition he was granted permission to remain in bed until 12 o'clock noon, rather than being awakened at dawn as the other students were. To be sure he didn't rouse too late, Descartes woke himself early and then spent the morning reading, taki... ...eived analytic geometry and established the Cartesian curves and Cartesian coordinates. To algebra he contributed the convention of exponent notation and the treatment of negative roots. Perhaps no other intellectual movement was more significant for the future of European and western civilization. Footnotes 1. Cottingham, John. Descartes. New York: Basil Blackwell, 1986. 2. Same as 1 3. Same as 1 4. Same as 1 5. Morgan, Vance G. Foundations of Cartesian Ethics. New Jersey: Humanities, 1994 6. Sorell, Tom. Descartes. Oxford: Oxford, 1987 7. Same as 6 Works Cited - Cottingham, John. Reason, Will, and Sensation: Studies in Descartes’s Metaphysics. Oxford: Clarendon, 1994. - Jolley, Nicholas. The Light of the Soul. Oxford: Clarndon, 1990 - Tierno, Joel Thomas. Descartes on God and Human Error. New Jersey: Humanities, 1997

Aids In Africa

The pandemic brought about by the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) in Africa has become a very popular topic among healthcare experts, and interestingly, also among U.S. policymakers. This level of attention is due to the high mortality rate of AIDS victims in the said region as well as the significantly low life-expectancy among those infected with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) – the pathogen that causes AIDS.In order to have a broader understanding about the topic four different kinds of literature related to the topic will be used to analyze the impact of the AIDS pandemic in Africa.Infectious Diseases EpidemiologyThe first source that will be analyzed is a reference book entitled, Infectious Diseases Epidemiology: Theory and Practice. This reference books deal with the transmission and control of diseases and it has a section dealing with AIDS/HIV.The authors were able to fully explain how AIDS is transmitted and also how to control the spread of the viru s. There is also a section that describes one of the most ambitious plans to significantly reduce the impact of AIDS/HIV in Africa.This source is valid and reliable as it is consistent with other sources that will be reviewed later in this study. Aside from that, the publisher, Jones and Bartlett in Massachusetts is a reputable publishing house.This source provides an overview of the AIDS/HIV problem in general and also provides information why it is very difficult to curb the problem of HIV infection in Africa. The discussion regarding transmission of the HIV virus will greatly increase awareness as to the kind of behavior that will lead to infection.The information that can be gathered through reading this source will help government officials to create strategies and enact laws that will make it harder for the virus to spread.This source is of great value to individuals, government or non-government agencies desiring to lend support in the fight against AIDS/HIV in Africa.This is because not only is the source an excellent reference guide for the epidemiology of the disease but it also provides useful information on what is being done to stop the virus from overwhelming the whole continent (Nelson & Masters, p. 869). There is a need to combine knowledge of science and knowledge of how to understand people.Life ExpectancyThe second resource that will be used for this study was taken from an article in The New York Times, entitled, Devastated by AIDS, Africa Sees Life Expectancy Plunge. The article provides a more tangible proof that indeed AIDS/HIV is wreaking havoc in Africa.It is one thing to simply know about the epidemiology of the disease and it is quite another to learn that infants born in seven African nations – those with very high HIV infection – could not expect to live beyond 40. Due to the catastrophic figures given, some of Africa’s politicians are saying that the numbers maybe inaccurate (Dugger, par. 7).But the report see ms to be saying that irregardless of the exact life expectancy number, there is widespread agreement that people are dying young inside the continent.One of the most information that could be gleaned from this article is the fact that people living in sub-Saharan Africa are not only dying young, their premature deaths increase the level of poverty in this region.The deaths of thousands of young men and women meant that there will be few people – especially those in the prime of their lives – who can contribute in the field of education, healthcare and various industries. This will cause a chain-reaction of events.For one there will be no strong and able bodied men and women who can spearhead the drive to eradicate AIDS/HIV and the reason is simple, many of them have died. If Africa continues to suffer from the AIDS/HIV pandemic, then it will not take long before the continent will destroy itself due to people living without hope.If the children are the future of a nati on then surely the AIDS pandemic is creating a bleak future for sub-Saharan Africa.This is a valid source of information because it came from a reputable source – The New York Times.Moreover, the information that can be gathered from reading this text supports many of the findings reviewed from other sources. Aside from being accurate, this resource is a valuable source of information because it focuses on falling life expectancy in sub-Saharan Africa. This will help African politicians as well as their policymakers map out strategies that will help solve the problem.PEPFARThe official website of â€Å"The United States President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief† (PEPFAR) will be the third resource for this study. The site offers a wide array of information regarding the AIDS/HIV pandemic in sub-Saharan Africa.The site talks about the reason behind the creation of PEPFAR and what it hopes to achieve in the long run. PEPFAR is US-based and appears to be one of th e most important achievements of the Bush administration. This is a reliable source because it is a website created by the U.S. Federal government.There are also other U.S. government agencies that acknowledged the significance of PEPFAR and news agencies are also well aware of its existence.One of the most interesting facts that can be gleaned from the website pertains to the plan of former president George W. Bush to position the United States to lead in the fight against global HIV/AIDS. At the center of the plan is the need to focus resources on a region with one of the highest incidence of AIDS/HIV and this is sub-Saharan Africa.Aside from the lofty goals set by PEPFAR another interesting facet of this plan is the pledge by the U.S. government, to disburse billions of dollars of taxpayer’s money to help non-Americans, thousands of miles away.This was a daring move by the former president Bush who insisted that America is ready and financially able, to take a stand agains t HIV/AIDS. The former president authorized the release of a multi-billion package that will ensure that a significant part of Sub-Saharan Africa will be able to experience outside help. The huge amounts involved will signal to the rest of the world that America is ready.This resource is valuable not only because it provides an overview of the whole PEPFAR initiative. But aside from that, the website also provides detailed information with regards to the steps required leading to the creation of PEPFAR.The site also provides links that will help people discover how the president intended to finance a project that is so massive and so expensive that it is almost impossible for this Federal funded program to succeed.Corruption in AfricaThe fourth resource that will be used for this study is a book entitled, Corruption in Africa: Causes, Consequences, and Cleanups. The authors attempted to explain the unique circumstance that created a host of problems for Africa.Corruption in this sid e of the world was linked to power-hungry officials who used their position to enrich themselves. When it comes to corruption and the AIDS/HIV pandemic the common denominator is poverty, lack of education and the absence of government services that help worsen the situation in sub-Saharan Africa.This book is an excellent resource when dealing with factors aside from epidemiology and healthcare. It is very important that policymakers and strategists take a closer look at impact of corruption and why increasing the number of health workers and saturating the region with drugs will never be enough to solve the AIDS/HIV pandemic.The socio-political aspect must be considered as well. There is indeed a clear link between corruption and poverty and when these two are present it creates a social order where the government is inefficient and could not provide the necessary services that in turn will strengthen the capability of Africans to resist the AIDS/HIV onslaught.This is a reliable res ource because it is consistent with research findings used to support the three previous sources. For instance a good education will make it easier for health workers to explain the reason why sexual intercourse and the sharing of contaminated needles are two of the most important means to transmit the virus.If the people are well-educated then it is easy for them to understand the steps required to avoid those problems. But with corruption comes the inability to have access to good education and when the people are ignorant it will be easy for the virus to spread. AIDS in Africa The number of people living with Human Immune-Deficiency Virus (HIV) in Africa especially in Sub-Saharan part is quite big. More than half of the population is infected with HIV AIDS and the number of individuals being infected increases each day.It usually causes high death rates in children and adults. According to statistics, the number of those who are infected is quite high which is about 2.3 million adults and children (UNAIDS, 2006). The number seems to be dropping drastically which portrays that there has been a change of behaviour which has made the number to reduce and also the decrease can be as a result of increased mortality rate of those who are infected.The number of people who are most affected by AIDS are prostitutes and their clients homosexuals and most of individuals who inject themselves with drugs. In Sub-Saharan region HIV transmission is mostly experienced in most of heterosexual transmission in Africa most of the women are infected at early stages which incre ases the gap between men and women who are infected with HIV.In Africa, South Africa is the country which has the highest prevalence rate of individual who are infected with AIDS.According to epidemiological survey, it shows that the number of infected individuals in this country does not decrease and the main factors which have lead to this increase includes social instability, poverty, family disruption migratory labor system which leads to increased morbidity, sexual transmitted diseases are in increased levels in these regions, women lives in low status and sexual violence.The increased incidence rate of Aids in Africa has lead to a major economical problem which has made the country’s economy in most of Sub-Saharan countries to drop drastically and people in these regions to live under a lot of poverty.According to various statistics, most of the Sub-Saharan Africa countries drop economically with around 1-2% of the total economic status of the country annually. Most of the families with individuals who are infected with HIV AIDS live in total poverty than the rest of the household.This is because the level of productivity decreases drastically since individuals infected with HIV become weak and they are unable to carry on with their daily routine work.These individuals in most cases who are young eventually die leaving young children and the aged who are not able to work for their basic need. They are therefore left to depend on well wishers, government and other non governmental organizations for their living.Due to high death rates, it has also lead to great food shortage since those who work in farms are usually the young generation which is the group which is highly infected. This has lead to lack of essential labor which is needed in farm and therefore the family can result to use of finances which were not necessary to purchase food.In some Sub-Saharan countries such as South Africa, most of productive individuals such as those who work in v arious governmental organizations are dying of AIDS at a very high rate which makes the country to lost important people who are skilled and had a high potential of bringing revenue to the government.These usually pose a major drawback of the economic status of the country. When these individuals die, vital services are not delivered to the public and this can lead to loss of revenue that government could gain from these services.The main sector which is mainly affected by the high prevalence rate of HIV is the labor sector. This is because most of the individuals who are affected by AIDS are between the age of 15-49 which is the most productive age which is mainly the working age.When the labor of the country drops, its economic status is also affected this is mostly experienced by those individuals who are directly affected or infected by AIDS.When those people who are already trained for various job die because of AIDS, it means that factories, industries, schools and hospitals h ave to incur extra cost for training more skilled individuals who can replace them and those who can work efficiently (Cohen 1990). In order to facilitate this, these sectors have to use a lot of money which could be used for other purposes to boost the economic status of these sectors.Due to strong impact that HIV sets on labor force, in various enterprises and household, HIV has acted as a quite significant factor in drop of the economic development and growth of countries and also in individuals. It has played quite a vital effect in the economic development of Africa as a whole.Due to the fact that Africa faces a major economic drawback, it has made it quite difficulty for African countries to fight the epidemic. This is because the disease prevalence rate is quite high and the economic status of he country and individuals goes down which makes most of individuals not to afford the antiretroviral drugs (ARV) therapies which can help to reduce the prevalence rate of diseases.In s ome cases the productivity of infected individuals can be boosted by proper feeding and good diet, but in these Sub-Saharan countries, its quite hard for infected individual to have proper diet which will help in boosting the immune status of the body since there is no enough money to be supplemented in buying of food.Due to high poverty levels of those who are infected and their low economic status, the prevention methods which can be used to minimize high rate of disease infection are not quite applicable due to lack of money. This has increased the disease occurrence a lot since no prevention measures are taken and therefore transmission rate is quite high.This is mostly experienced in mother child transmission, since most of expectant women who are living in extreme poverty do not have money to attend the antenatal clinic and they usually end up delivering at home where there are no measures which are taken into consideration to prevent the disease from being transmitted to the child.In some cases, individuals who are infected with HIV also have high chances of being infected with other opportunistic infections which mainly affects individuals with AIDS such as TB. Due to their inability to access medical services due to lack of money, they get weak quite quickly and can result to death. In this case the economic status of the country drop due to lack of money.Most of the countries in Sub Saharan live under extreme poverty which makes them to lack basic access to education which is a major factor which can be used to alleviate poverty levels and boost the economic status of the country (Avert org, 2008). Those individuals who do not have basic education on the effect AIDS end up contacting it carelessly which increases transmission rate due to lack of knowledge about the impact the disease has on the society.Social impact of children and women in South AfricaSouth Africa is one of the countries in the Sub-Saharan region with quite a high prevalence rate of AIDS its estimated that around 15-20% of its total adult population is infected with HIV. The number of those individuals who are infected has greatly exceeded the number which was considered to be possible initially.There is no evidence of epidemic slowing in South Africa since around 4.9-6.1 million people in the country are infected with AIDS. Statistics carried out on 2004 showed that around 1-3 expectant mother are infected with HIV and since then gradual increase has been realized.

The Responsible Citizen

Responsibilities of a citizen| April 3 2013 | The responsibilities of a citizen. Responsibilities of a citizen General Purpose: To inform Specific Purpose: To inform general public on the true responsibilities of a citizen Thesis Statement: Embrace a far more holistic and positive outlook on what it means to be a part of a community or a wider social group. Introduction: I. The government II. What are the roles of a citizen? III. The concept of ubuntu Body I. Ubuntu a. The heart of ubuntu II. The Plan a. Spread ubuntu III. What makes a citizen â€Å"good? † a. Opinions b. Perspectives ConclusionI. Embracing ubuntu II. Holistic and positive outlook III. If this philosophy is spread the result will be a more just, prosperous and equitable America Unlike the Government’s role that is clearly stated in the Preamble, the role of a citizen isn’t as clear. Even the bill of rights clearly states the rights of a citizen. It has been amended and made inclusive as to what d efines a citizen. Every citizen has an opinion on what the role is exactly, which makes it easy to be interpreted freely. It’s tempting to view the concept of citizenship from a Western perspective.This would lead naturally to such ideas as obeying laws, voting, defending one’s country, and so on. Implicit in this perspective is the sense of an individual, and of â€Å"us† and â€Å"them†. For many, these are not satisfactory, and leave a lingering sense of something missing. Perhaps it is the implied â€Å"should†, â€Å"must† or â€Å"have to† that causes a ripple of rebellion in the soul against these ideals. Throughout the years it has become evident that the role of a citizen goes beyond that. Those who are simple minded view their role as such.People who are deep thinkers tend to see other perspectives, many of which embrace a far more holistic and positive outlook on what it means to be a part of a community or a wider social g roup. One of them is the African concept of ubuntu. The word ubuntu comes from the southern African Bantu languages. Roughly translated, it means â€Å"I am what I am because of who we all are†. Ubuntu is the essence of being human. At the heart of the ubuntu philosophy is the idea that a person cannot be human in isolation. We are all connected, and a part of a greater whole.Therefore, we all benefit and grow when one person grows, and we are all diminished when one person is oppressed, humiliated or diminished in any way. Spreading the concept of ubuntu is the plan. This philosophy is an ideal one but it is more than possible. Increasing the knowledge of it will help citizens of the US become more in tune with their neighbors, more involved with society, and conscious of their actions on a daily bases. Citizens won’t be ashamed or embarrassed by what they don’t have or haven’t yet achieved and even if they are their fellow citizens won’t make the m feel any worse than they already do.In fact they would embrace them up and push them to acknowledge the thing that they do have and what they have achieved. So what then are the duties as a citizen within this philosophy? Simply, it is their responsibility to be open, generous of spirit, and affirming. Just as importantly, they never need to feel threatened by someone else’s success or happiness, because they belong to the greater whole, and so they are benefiting from everyone else’s happiness. Following rules or obeying laws is a natural consequence of this belief.The shift is from a negative to a positive point of view. So while the results may in many cases be the same, the motivation, sense of belonging and level of happiness can be dramatically different. In conclusion it is obvious that American society might not embrace this philosophy with open arms because of how â€Å"unusual† it may seem and the fact the society is basically every â€Å"man† for his self. The philosophy of ubuntu will make so many people uncomfortable because of how open they will have to be with one another.Since it is so different from any philosophy that is embraced by American society it may be hard to get someone to listen, accept, and practice it. America can embrace a far more holistic and positive outlook on what it means to be a part of a community or a wider social group. There is hope for this philosophy yet, Americans must learn to love and trust one another. This philosophy is the key to that lost love and trust. Some already practice it without knowledge. They are natural open, generous of spirit, and affirming.Too bad everyone cannot be like those individuals. Anything is possible and change is the only thing that remains constant, it just takes time. If this philosophy is spread the result will be a more just, prosperous and equitable America. Works Cited Ellis-Christensen, Tricia, and O. Wallace. â€Å"What Does It Mean to Be a US Cit izen? † WiseGeek. Conjecture, 05 Oct. 2011. Web. 09 Mar. 2013. . Flippin, Jr. , Reverend William E. Ubuntu: Applying African Philosophy in Building Community. † The Huffington Post. TheHuffingtonPost. com, 05 Feb. 2012. Web. 01 Apr. 2013. . Kelchner, Jen. â€Å"Ubuntu: The Philosophy of Interconnectedness-Change Your Life. Find The True You. † Avid Seed. Avid Seed, 08 Aug. 2012. Web. 01 Mar. 2013. .

Anarchism and Anarchist Terrorism

Anarchism and Anarchist Terrorism Anarchism was a late 19th-century idea among a number of Europeans, Russians, and Americans that all government should be abolished, and that voluntary cooperation, rather than force, should be societys organizing principle. The word itself comes from a Greek word, anarkos, which means without a chief. The movement had its origins in the search for a way to give industrial working classes a political voice in their societies. By the turn of the 20th century, anarchism was already on the wane, to be replaced by other movements encouraging the rights of dispossessed classes and revolution. Propaganda of the Deed A number of late 19th century thinkers argued that actions, rather than words, were the best way to spread ideas. The concept was adopted by anarchists. For some, it referred to communal violence, while for  others it referenced assassinations and bombings carried out by anarchists. Anarchist Terrorism The late 19th century saw a wave of political violence inspired by anarchist ideas which were subsequently  labeled anarchist terrorism: 1881: the assassination of Russian Tsar Alexander II, by the group Narodnaya Volya1894: the assassination of the French president Marie-Francois Sadi Carnot1894: Bombing of Greenwich Observatory in London1901: the assassination of American president William McKinley in September 1901, by an anarchist, Leon Czolgosz. These assassinations led to fear among governments that there existed a vast international conspiracy of anarchist terrorists. In fact, there never was one. Anarchists Today: No Connection to Religious Terrorism or War on Terror Anarchists themselves argue that they should not be considered terrorists, or associated with terrorism. Their claims are reasonable: for one thing, most anarchists  actually oppose the use of violence to achieve political aims, and for another, violence by anarchists was historically directed at political figures, not civilians, as terrorism is. On a different note, Rick Coolsaet suggests  there is an analogy to be made between the past and the present. Muslims are often regarded now with the same mixture of fear and contempt as workers were in the 19th century. And the jihadi terrorist has the same feelings about America as his anarchist predecessor had about the bourgeoisie: he sees it as the epitome of arrogance and power. Osama bin Laden is a 21st century Ravachol, a living symbol of hatred and resistance for his followers, a bogeyman for the police and intelligence services. Today’s jihadis resemble yesterday’s anarchists: in reality, a myriad of tiny groups; in their own eyes, a vanguard rallying the oppressed masses (5). Saudi Arabia has now taken the role of Italy while 11 September 2001 is the modern version of 24 June 1894, a wake-up call to the international community.The reasons for the rise of terrorism now and anarchism then are the same. Muslims worldwide are united by a sense of unease and crisis. The Arab world seems to be more bitter, more cynical and less creative than it was in the 1980s. There is a growing sense of solidarity with other Muslims, a feeling that Islam itself is in danger. This is fertile ground for a fanatical minority.

Case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 18

Case study - Essay Example Finally, as analyzers, Coke continue to undertake research and scan the environment for changes in demands and customers’ needs and preferences. Porter’s framework uses the five forces: rivalry, supplier power, buyer power, threat of substitutes and threat of new entrants. Coke’s success in surpassing the performance of its competitors has been due to their continued commitment to review these five forces and determine strategies would effectively address defined threats and risks and tap existing opportunities. innovative and competitive strategies, and responding to the needs of the clientele have contributed to their leadership in a global scale. By consistently delivering high quality and affordable products, coupled with effective strategies for promotions, place, and price, Coke has sustained market profitability and assumed competitive advantage over its competitors. The most appropriate competitive strategy that would allow an organization to develop a sustainable competitive advantage is offering a product with distinct competency that is difficult to copy by competitors. For Coke, their secret formula for the classic Coke had remained confidential and no competitor could copy or closely resemble the distinct taste that made Coke number 1. For Butler, the design strategy that would provide a consistency in Coke’s brand should apply the strategies as defender, prospector and analyzer, in creating a unified design for the global market. Butler’s evaluation of the 450 brands should streamline, delete, replace and maintain only those that are clearly identifiable to Coke. A unified and consistent brand would actually minimize costs and thereby maximize revenues that would further increase Coke’s financial performance and success. The competitive strategies have been successful for Coke due to their ability to implement different strategies as deemed appropriate for the

Social Inequalities and the Law 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Social Inequalities and the Law 1 - Essay Example However, the leave to enter in the UK with respect to Jane would have been conditional upon her and Tarzan’s intention â€Å"to live permanently† with each other as husband and wife.2 Tarzan and Jane were also required to satisfy the requirement that: Leave to enter would have been on a probationary basis since Jane and Tarzan had not been living together for four years.4 The probation will last for two years and will not be converted to indefinite leave if Jane does not satisfy the foregoing requirements. Based upon these legal requirements and the facts of Jane’s case it is conceivable that she is on probation and will unlikely obtain indefinite leave to remain in the UK since her marriage has all but been dissolved and she is unable to take care of herself and her children without public funds. Taken into account the political crisis in Uganda, Jane may wish to seek political asylum. She will be required to place an application with the Home Office under the Nationality, Immigration and Asylum Act 2002.5 Moreover, Jane may apply for assistance as an asylum seeker under Section 21 of the National Assistance Act 1948.6 In R (on the Application of O) v Haringey London Borough Council [2004] EWCA 535 an HIV positive mother seeking asylum was provided with accommodations by the local authorities under Section 21 of the National Assistance Act 1948. 7 The court also ruled that the mother and the entire family qualified for assistance under Section 95 of the National Assistance Act 1948 as amended in 1999. Section 95 provides as follows: Considering the state of Jane’s marriage together with her financial situation, I would advise her that she is likely to fail her probationary leave to remain in the UK and should therefore seek political asylum. Having done so, as a person who is destitute or likely to become destitute she should apply for assistance from the Secretary of State under Section 95 of the National Assistance